Although it is spoken primarily in India, Hindi is spoken by large numbers in Nepal, South Africa, and Uganda.

Hindi speakers can be found on all continents of the globe. Hindi has been listed as a crucial language by the American State Department since because of our strategic business and security interests in South Asia. India is respected as the regional power of South Asia. It is the largest South Asian largest economy and most populous nation of South Asia, the largest democracy in the world and is also a nuclear power. Since its independence, America has maintained good ties with India, closely cooperating with it to achieve regional stability. India and America have also had good trade relations, which have rapidly increased in the last two decades, particularly in the tech, education and manufacturing sectors. In 2007 the United States exported $17,588.5 million to India an increase of 971 percent since 1985. In 2007 the United States has imported $24,073.3 million in goods from India, an increase of 949% since 1985.Īccording to the 2000 census there are 317,057 Hindi speakers in the United States. In 2006, 1,946 higher education students were studying Hindi and no measurable amount of students studying it in grades K-12. Hindi is a Central Zone language of the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European language family. Given the high degree of mutual intelligibility among the varieties of Hindi spoken across India, it is often controversial as to whether certain variants should be categorized as dialects or separate languages. In most cases, language variation among dialects is primarily phonological, with minor morphological variation observed. Lexical differences also differentiate certain dialects. On the whole, the level of mutual intelligibility among dialects is very high. Just under half the population of India speak some variant of Hindi. Key Dialects: Hindustani, Urdu, Khari Boli (Sarhindi/Standard Hindi), Chattisgarhi (Lahariya/Khalwahi), Bagheli, Awadhi, Bihari, Rajasthani, Braj Bhasha, Bundeli, Hariyanvi (Bangaru/Jatu), Kanauji, Dakhini, Rekhta.

Hindi is used in government, education, mass media (newspapers, radio, television), trade, and everyday communication. According to the 1991 census, 40% of the Indian population speaks Hindi. In terms of total number of speakers, Hindi ranks second in the world behind Mandarin Chinese. The Hindi language is a descendent of Sanskrit. The evolution of Hindi from Sanskrit took place by way of the Middle Indo-Aryan Prakrit languages and medieval Apabhramsha. Modern Hindi arose in the period of time spanning the 13th to the 18th centuries (i.e. around the time of the decline of Apabhramsha).

In 1950, Hindi was recognized as the official language of India by the nation’s constitution.

Hindi bengali alphabet comparison pdf